Transformer



June 2, 192 1,539,840

P. M HENGSTENBERG TRANSFORMER File d May 26, 1925 INVENTOR pdu/MHmgsre/zba y.

' BY Q W TTORNEY j usted.

Patented June 2, 1925,

UNITED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

PAU L M. HENGSTENBERG, OF WILKINSBUR-G, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WEST- INGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTUR-ING COMPANY, A CORPGRATION OF PENN- SYLVANIA.

TRANSFORMER.

To all "whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL M. HENGSTEN- mine, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Vvilkinsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, .have invented a new and useful Improvement in Transformers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to transformers and it has particular relation to the structure thereof. I

In its broadest aspect, theobject of my invention is to provide a transformer struc ture of such design that the magnetic characteristics thereof may be very finely ad- More specifically, the object of invention is to provide a transformer particulan,

ly applicable to radiofrequency wirelessreceiving systems and characterized by the provision of a variable air gapjhaving a fine degree of variation whereby the degree of regeneration of said radio receiving system may be selectively controlled.

\Vith these and other objects and applications in mind, my invention further consists in the details of construction and arrangement which will appear more fully hereinafter in connection with the accompanying description, claims wherein,

Figure 1 is a View, partially, in front elevation and partially in section, of one embodiment of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of thestructure shown in Fig. 1 taken on line II-II thereof.

Figs. 3 and 1 are front and side elevational views, respectively, of the element designed to bind together the punchings of the transformer core and to resiliently support the same.

. Fig. 5 is a view of the punched metal blank from which the element ofFigs. 3 and 4 is formed.

In the illustrated form of embodiment of my invention shown in Fig. 1, I provide a air of magnetic yoke members 1 and 2 of substantially U shape, which are built up of punchings of sheet iron of high grade or preferably of silicon steel. In order to keep core losses small, the lamin'ations are made 1 as thin as can be readily manufactured and and drawings, I

insulated by enamel or in any other suitable manner. The two yoke members have the middle portions 3 and 4 respectively and each yoke member has arms extending toward the other so that the yoke 1 has arms 5 and 6 and the yoke 2 arms 7 and 8. Thus the arms 5 and 7 afford a pair of proximate ends and the arms Hand 8 another of the yoke members 1 and 2 face each other,-

thereby forming a closed magnetic circuit having variable air gaps 19 and 21 therein. One pair of proximate ends of the yoke members 1 and 2 may be provided withv bakelite rings 22 serving to securely bind together the punchings. A micarta tube 23 is positioned to embrace the other pair of proximate ends of the yoke members 1 and 2 and serves to provide a support for spaced transformer windings 24.- and 25.

The previously mentioned clamping elements 14 and 15 may be originally constructed from a blank 26, of the shape shown in Fig. 5, preferably made from phosphor bronze by punching. The blank 26 comprises a longitudinally extending body 27 designed to engage the end surface-of one of said yoke members, and side portions 28 and 29 adapted to be bent to engage,.respectively, the opposite faces of the middle portions of a yoke member. At one end, said side portions are out along the lines of the bends to provide portions 31 and 32 adapted to be bent transversely of said bent side portions 28 and 29 to engage the lower arm of said yoke member.

At the other end, said side portions 28 and 29 are cut for a distance intermediate the lines of the bends a and b and the outer edges of said side portions to provide portions 33 and 34 adapted to be transversely bent to engage the upper arm of said yoke member. The body section 27, which is positioned intermediate the side portions 31 and 32, is so out as to provide a resilient Gil a spring member 39, as shown in Fig. 1.

The opposite end of the body section 27 is provided with the extension 16 adapted to be bent along a dotted line 0 to provide a supporting foot 40, whereby the previously mentioned sections may be resilently sup ported. The foot may be rendered more rigid, by. bending the same back on itself along a line 0 as shown in Fig. 1.

In order to form the element 14, which is shown in Figs. 1. 3 and l, from the punching 26, which is shown in Pi 5, the iongitudinally extending body 2i is first positioned in engagement with the outer surface of the middle portion 8 of the yoke member 2 and the side portions 28 and 29 bent to engage the opposite faces thereoil,

The sections 31 and 32 are next transversely bent to engage the lower surface of the arm 6 of the yoke member 2 and the bind ing' of the core laminations constituting the same is completed by the bending of the sections 33 and 345 to contact the upper surface of the arm 5. It is noted that the several sections just mentioned form, in eitect, a cup which rigidly binds together the punchings of the yoke member 2. The extension 16 is then transversely bent along the dotted line 0 to provide a supporting foot 40 which is bent a second time at o and secured to the base member 18, thereby providing aresilient support for the yoke member 1. The tongue 35 which is provided in the body 27, is then bent outwardly to form a spring member, as shown in the drawing. The laminations of the remaining yoke member 2 are similarly bound together and this yoke member is resiliently supported by the element 15 which is a duplicate of the element ll, just described.

A cylindrical casing 41 which has one one closed by the supporting pl 18 serves s 11 additional support for the transformer and also enga es the spring tongue 35. iThese tonguesproject so far the. if they were unoppose the proximate ends oi the shape yoke. members 1 and 2 viou be actuated into engagement with each the air gaps l9 and 21 would be closed. spacing of the proximate on c or, be adjusted by means of i1 89 which has opposite ends formed by the end the elements rawing.

or open end of eyoud the loot .ed by a plate which 18 by means of tie rods 43. The plate is provided with a threaded perforation 4-l directly over the leaf spring 39, whereby a screw member 45 may be adj ustably moved into engagement with the leaf spring member 39 to vary the force thereof tending to overcome that of the tongues 35, whereby the relative spacing of the proximate ends of said yoke members may bevaried.

In operation, with the apparatus in the position shown in Fig. l of the dawings, when the screw member 45 is so turned as to increase the pressure thereof on the leaf spring 39, the force of the latter tending to separate the proximate ends of the yoke members 1 and Q'gradually become greater than the force of the tongue members 35 tending to maintain said ends in engagement and the ends, therefore, are separatcd,the reverse obtaining as the adjusting screw 45 is withdrawn from engagement with the spring member 39.

lVhile I have described a specific embodiment of my invention in great detail, and while I have pointed out certain of the most obvious principles and purposes thereof, I do not intend that the language employed in the following claims shall be limited to the precise features described but I intend that the claims shall be construed to cover all combinations which are included in the claims, when read in connection with the prior art, regardless of the details and functions mentioned in the description or illustrated in the drawing.

I claim as my invention:

1. A transformer core comprising indn viduab portions having proximately disposed ends, means for resiliently mounting said individual portions in such manner that the spacing of said proximate ends may be varied, said means exerting a resilient force on said individual portions tending to maintain said concurrent ends in a predetermined spaced relation and controlling means for exerting a. resilient force on said individual portions opposing said mounting means. whereby the spacing of said concurrent ends may be controlled.

A transformer core comprising a pair of separate portions, each portion having arms, corresponding arms of the respective portions being adjaccntly disposed, means for resiliently positioning said portions in a predctmmined position and additional re silicut means for adjusting the spacing of said co-operating arms.

3. transformer core comprising a pair neiic yoke members having pole. tera supporting structure, resilient zr ans co-operasing with said supporting structure and said yolce members for llexiiily mounting the pole terminals of one yoke iriubcr adjacent to the pole terminals of the other yoke member, additional means the enils of saiii hodv seeiion for resiliently adjusting the 'c illwlllfi of said adjacent pole terminals, and primary and secondary windings on said core.

4-. A transformer con'rp'risiug ii pair of laminated yoke members lowing}: ediecenily positioned pole lerminals. imlivilnol means for binding the lziminalions of each yoke inen'iber a sii 'n iorting member said inclii'ialnzil means lowing extensions for so flexibly mounting: sziizl yoli'emember on Hii l i for binding: the lainineiion oi'? said yoke member and for so inoi'iniingz said yoke member on said closed enel to provide for motion transverse to seid emainsn siii l ineiins also having a {le ible eziiension bearing against lie Well of saiil casing and serving: to bias seiil 'niemlier toward one limit of seirl trensre se motion.

6. A blank iiavii'ig a lioiiy soil e air of side sections erlaoterl to be bent into position to bind the lamination of a yoke member; the body of soicl blank being so (Hi3 as to provide a resilient i'ongiie. sairl body having zi'longiiwilinal extension :uleoierl to be bent io provicle a resilient snpporiing seelzion for sziiil lilenl c.

7. A. blank having :1 liorly and 51 pair of side seciions rulaoted to be bent into position to bind the leminations of a yoke member, the body of said blank being; so out as to nrovkie a resilient tongues ilie l of said blank being oppositely extended proviile, respectively, e resiliene supper section aml a, soring receiving 8. A ems: comprising" a, no-ii ing: Sll ivortions oosirioneil when WLH section provide rigidly enilireeo a Yoke moi also heme: out in such marine 2m inl-ezrrzil resilient sprin =33 me enil of seii'l lilzml: serving: as a f lii il l l :iilopiwl lo resilien'lly mono? soil were meniiimx. zinsl lie other enil ei'looleil io as a shipineinoer for on e-zliies 5'). fl lilenl-c i omorexrnilingz section liming a v iulzzoiml lye frensrei-selr respeei'ive .i 'lliii minors memb r. one enrl of Sfilll llifj (i-ll; along: the lines o? "viile por'iions ailzineeil lo be h e to engage.

is H

H El 895% o sg'irin g; member moons mineral ly of said bent ollset portions lo engage one side of said core member, the remaining ends of said ofiE-set portions being cm intermecliele the lines of the bends and the outer edges of said. ollsebporiions to provide portions adapted to similarly engage the other side of said core member, the end:

of said longitudinally extending serticm being udmpfied to serve es 11 supporting; seel'ioz'r 10. A blank comprising: {i longitudinally extending: section haying side portions adapted to be bent to engage the opposite faces of a core lll8l11l)0l,;$ill(l side portions being: out (it one end, along: the lines oi the -l)(?l1(lS to provide portions erlapied to be born to engage. one side oi't seiil ooro ineinbeia ilieotlier ends of SiUlCl oil-set portions leing m intermediate the lines of ilie bends and lTllLE outer edges of said poriions to provide po tions adopted. to be bent to engage another side of said core member, said blank also no in so out as to provide :2 resilienttongue section intermedieie said sialo portions.

11. A blank eoi'nprising o longitudinally extending body having side portions adapted to be bent lo engage the opposite faces of a core member, said side portions being out at one end along the lines of the bends to provide portions adapted to engage one side of said core membeifl, the other ends of said sicle portions being out intermediate the lines of the bends and the outer edges of said portions to provicle pofiions adopted to be bent to engage another side of said core iiiiember, said blank being so cut as to provide a resilient tongue section intermediate said side portions and said body being extended 'to provide a resilient supporting section.

12. A transformer core con'iprising a, pair of yoke members of U-slmpe, :1 supporting oi members of llsliepe, 21 siinporiji" plate, a funnier easing eorrierl li Hilfl pixie,

n'iezins for flexibly mounting: 25* iii members on swirl plzzle in sneli. llllllllliil' om: the emls iliereoi love one another in enamel relation, omens integral with sziii'l mooning means for engaging said casing lo rosilieni'.

rerizi'iion in the spacing o I All; said 2i seat for roof may \QUUllZl-IHQI'P 10 remaining firsiviinenizionezl means oioviilii said sprii'ig, n'lioreliy lie zufiizilly balance. ilioi oi Hli' l iionerl means :1 closure means and engaging said casing, whereby, sa1d spring members tend to hold sald ends in engagement, a resilient member, said first-mentioned means being provided with an extension adapted to co-operate with said resilient member to oppose said spring members, a closure for the remaining end of said casing and means carried by said closure -for operating on said resilient member to.

vary the spacing of said ends.

15. A transformer core comprising a pair of members of U-shape, a supporting plate,

a tubular casing carried by said plate, means for flexibly mounting said members on said supporting plate in such manner that the ends thereof face one another, spring members extending from said first-mentioned means and engaging said casing, whereby said spring members tend to hold said ends in engagement, a resilient member, said first-mentioned means being provided with an extension adapted to co-operate with said resilient member to resist the force of said spring members, a closure for the remaining end of said casing, said closure. being provided with a threaded perforation, and a screw member extending therethrough and engaging said resilient member, whereby the spacing of said ends may be adj ustably controlled. 7 1

16. A transformer core comprising a pair of separate portions, each portion having a face opposite the corresponding face of the other, said opposite faces being separated to provide an air gap, means tending to move said portions toward each other and adjustable means for opposing said first named means, whereby the length of the air gap is controlled.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 21st day of May, 1923.

PAUL M. HEN GSTENBERG. 

